This article critically examines the proposed Deocha-Pachami-Dewanganj-Harinsinga (DPDH) coal mine project in Birbhum district, West Bengal, which has become a major source of controversy and public protest. The author argues that the state government has failed to adequately address the concerns raised by local communities, particularly indigenous Santal tribal populations who fear displacement, environmental destruction, and loss of livelihoods.

The article questions the economic and technical feasibility of the coal mine. Geological studies indicate that coal deposits in the region lie beneath thick layers of basalt rock, making extraction technologically complex and financially uncertain. Previous attempts by organizations such as Coal India Limited and several state governments to pursue mining in the area were abandoned due to these challenges.

Another key concern involves land acquisition practices. The author alleges that the government has bypassed legal procedures outlined in the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition Act (2013). According to the article, land is being “procured” without proper social impact assessments or genuine consent from village assemblies (Gram Sabhas), raising serious questions about legality and transparency.

Environmental risks are also highlighted. Coal mining could damage forests, farmland, and water systems, including the Dwarka River. Moreover, launching a new coal project contradicts global efforts to reduce reliance on fossil fuels in the face of climate change.

The article concludes by calling for a thorough reassessment of the project, respect for tribal rights, and stronger democratic decision-making mechanisms before any development project of such scale proceeds.